KMID : 1237720150480010010
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Anatomy & Cell Biology 2015 Volume.48 No. 1 p.10 ~ p.15
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The role of soluble common gamma chain in autoimmune disease
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Lee Byung-Hyuk
Hong Chang-Wan
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Abstract
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The common gamma chain (¥ãc) is the central signaling unit for a number of cytokine receptors collectively known as the ¥ãc cytokine receptor family. ¥ãc is critical for ligand binding and signaling by ¥ãc cytokines. ¥ãc cytokine signaling had been thought to be mainly regulated by cytokine-specific receptor ¥á chain expression levels with little or no effect by ¥ãc surface levels because ¥ãc expression was presumed to remain unchanged during T-cell activation and development. The extent of ¥ãc cytokine responses is thought to be regulated by cytokine specific receptor subunits and not by the ¥ãc receptor. In contrast to this prevailing view, we have recently reported that ¥ãc itself actively regulates ¥ãc cytokine responses. Interestingly, ¥ãc exerted its regulatory effects not only as a conventional membrane receptor protein but also as a secreted protein whose expression was upregulated upon T-cell stimulation. Here we will review how a soluble form of ¥ãc, which is generated by alternative splicing, regulates ¥ãc cytokine signaling and plays a role in controlling immune activation related to autoimmune disease.
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KEYWORD
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Common gamma chain, Autoimmune disease, Cytokine, Soluble receptors
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